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There is evidence that Mexican writer Elena Garro used the same term to describe the works of E. : 14–15 Luis Leal attests that Pietri seemed to have been the first to adopt the term realismo mágico in Hispanic America in 1948. Venezuelan writer Arturo Uslar-Pietri, who had known Bontempelli, wrote influential magic-realist short stories in the 1930s and 40s that focused on the mystery and reality of how we live. Roh's magic realism also influenced writers in Hispanic America, where it was translated in 1927 as realismo mágico. In 1926, he founded the magic realist magazine 900.Novecento, and his writings influenced Belgian magic realist writers Johan Daisne and Hubert Lampo. German magic-realist paintings influenced the Italian writer Massimo Bontempelli, who has been called the first to apply magic realism to writing, aiming to capture the fantastic, mysterious nature of reality. Roh believed that magic realism was related to, but distinct from, surrealism, due to magic realism's focus on material object and the actual existence of things in the world, as opposed to surrealism's more abstract, psychological, and subconscious reality. : 9–10 The first novels categorized as magical realism were the ones of María Luisa Bombal, however, at the time, a distinction was yet to be made between the genre and surrealism. : 9–11 : 33 Roh identified magic realism's accurate detail, smooth photographic clarity, and portrayal of the 'magical' nature of the rational world it reflected the uncanniness of people and our modern technological environment. In 1925, German art critic Franz Roh used magischer Realismus to refer to a painterly style known as Neue Sachlichkeit ('New Objectivity'), an alternative to expressionism that was championed by German museum director Gustav Hartlaub. The term first appeared as the German magischer Realismus ('magical realism').
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The terms were influenced by an eponymous German painting style in the 1920s. Magic realism (also known as magical realism or marvelous realism) is a 20th-century style of fiction and literary genre. Not to be confused with fantastic realism or urban fantasy.